zickler



Patented May 30, |899.

K. ZICKLER. TELEGRAPHY BY- MEANS 0F ELECTRIC LIGHT.

(Applicatio'n med June 24, 189e.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

4(No Modal.)

Patented May 30, |899. K. ZICKLER.

TELEGRAPHY BY MEANS 0F ELECTRIC LIGHT.

(Application led June 24, 1898.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No lodgi.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE KAEL ZIoKLEE, on EENN, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

TELEGRAPHYBY MEANS OF ELECTRIC LIGHT'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 625,823, dated May 30, 1899.

Application filed June 24,1898.

.To UZZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL ZIOKLER, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, re-

siding at Brnn, in the Empire ot' Austria- Hungary, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraphy by Means of Electric Light; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

In this new method of wireless telegraphy the telegraphic signals are transmitted by means of rays emitted from an electric-arc light. The rays of short-wave length, (mostly ultra-violet rays,) which the electric-arc light emits copiously, are those which are made use of. These rays are sent out from the sending-station at intervals corresponding to those of telegraphic signals in the direction of the receiving-station,where they are made to produce weak electric waves, by which the signals are made visible as sparks, or are made audible by a telephone or electric bell, or, if preferred, may be printed by a Morse apparatus;

The arrangement of the apparatus at the two stations is shown in the accompanying drawings,in which similar letters of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views.

Figure l is a ldiagram of the apparatus for generating the rays; Fig. 2, a (Tiagram of the receiving apparatus; Fig. 3, an elevation, partly in longitudinal section, of the receiving apparatus, drawn to a larger scale; Fig. 4, a front elevation of the closure for the raygenerating apparatus, also drawn on a larger scale; Fig. 5, a section on line :c a; of Fig. 4; Fig', a detail elevation of the closure-plate, and Fig. 7 a similarelevation of the other closure-plate. Y

At the sending-station I is an apparatus for producing the rays in the form of an electricarclight L of suitable power,which is inclosed in a case G, that can be turned around in the manner of a search-light or otherwise in a vertical and in ahorizontal plane. The arc-light may be regulated either by mechanism or by hand, so that the are is always in the same place. The pencil of light thus produced is transmitted through an openin g O in the case Serial No. 684,392. (No model.)

and projected in the direction of the receiving-station. In order to send as many rays as possible in this direction, the employment of reflecting-mirrors s or of lenses,or of both in combination, is requisite. The lenses Z must then,however, not be made of glass,but ofrock crystal, so that they may allow the ultra-violet rays to pass through them. The closure Vfor the ray-emitting openin g consists of a plate P, having an oritce for the objective 0, Figs. l and 4. Two guide-rails n and n2 are attached to the said plate P by means of screws, glass plates t Z2 being guided in these guide-rails. These plates are shaped as shown'at Figs. 6 ,and 7, and plate t is linked to one end of a lever Z2, pivoted at Z2, by means of a link t2 and plate t2 to the opposite end by means of link t4. Y

By means of a pin-and-slot connection at 1"2 a lever Z4 is coupled to the lever Z2, said lever Z4 being pivotally connected to the plate P at Z. The said lever Z4 is provided with a hook n, in which a pin z' ofthe bellows g, attached to the plate P, engages. When the said bellows are compressed, the plates t and t2 cover the orifice of the objective o; but it'- air is forced -into the bellows g by compression of the pneumatic ball b, Fig. l, attached to the air-tube s',the levers Z2 Z4 will be turned on their pivots in the direction of the arrows, as indicated, the lever Z2 drawing the plate t upward and pressing the plate t2 downward, thus opening the objective o. This movement of the parts stretches the spring f, attached atvone end to the guide n and at the` other to the bellows g. As soon as the pressure on the ball b is released the bellows fall down, assisted by the spring f, thus closing the plates t' t2 over the opening ot' the objective. Fig. 4 shows the plates t' Z2 when the objective is half-open. as the lamp is lighted the pencil of light is emitted,even when the opening is closed,since the visible rays pass through the glass shutter. The effective ultra-violetrays are, however, absorbed by the glass plate. They are only emitted when the glass shutter is removed. By leaving the shutter open for a longer or shorter time the ultra-violet rays can be sent out in a manner to correspond to the dots and'dashes of the Morse alphabet. In-

stead of the glass plates for the shutter ex- As soon therefore IOO tremely thin transparent mica sheets may be used.

At the receiving-station, Fig. 2, there is a ray-receiver. This consists of a tubular glass vessel r, which in front is closed air-tight by a quartz plate 19. In this tubular-shaped glass vessel two electrodes e e2 are fused, one at each of two opposite points. One of these electrodes c is spherical, having a diameter of a few millimeters. The other, c2, is a small circular disk whose plane is so inclined to the axis of the glass vessel that the pencil of light entering through the transparent quartz plate p easily falls-upon it. Both electrodes are covered with platinum-foil and are about ten millimeters distant from each other. The air in the glass vessel is rareiied to a suitable'degree, or the vessel is filled with a rareiied gas. 'Io the glass vessel there is attached in front of the transparent qu'artz plate a metal tube, in which a second tube fitted with a quartz lens Z is adjustable by means of a screw, so that by adjusting the lens the rays coming through the quartz plate from the sending-station can be concentrated in a small oval slightly-illuminated spot. For the proper adjustment of the lens Z' by daylight it is desirable to iiiclose the glass vessel in an opaque covering and to observe the lighting of the electrodes through a peep-hole in the covering. rl`he. electrodes are electrically connected with the secondary windings ot asmall induction coil or apparatus J in such a way that the spherical electrode c becomes the anode and the disksshaped electrode e2 becomes the cathode. In the primary circuit of the induction apparatus, which requires to have asparking distance of only one or two centimeters, there is a variable-resistance coil R, which admits of a gradual alteration of the strength of the primary current. For receiving a telegram the induction apparatus is set in operation, the variable resistance having been beforehand so adjusted that the intensity at the electrodes is as yet insufficient to cause sparks to pass between them. As soon as the ultra-violet rays are emitted from the scnding apparatus at the sendingstation I, Fig. l, by opening the glass shutter and fall upon the disk-shaped electrode at receiving-statoii, Fig. 2, their luminous electrical effect causes arelease ofthe sparks, which, however, cease as soon as the projection of these rays is stopped by closing the glass shutter. The opening and shutting at the sender-station I in accordance With Morse signals produces also at the receiving-station a transmission of sparks of shorter or longer duration according to the same signals. In this way the signals may at once become visible, or otherwise electric waves are caused by the sparks in the space surrounding the ray-receiver corresponding to the signals. By these the signals can be rendered audible or reduced to writing by any of the well-'known apparatuses.

Vhat I claim is:-

l. In a system of wireless telegrapliy, the combination of a sender apparatus having means for producing and intermittently projecting a pencil ot ultra-violet rays in the direction of a receiving apparatus, and a receiving apparatus having an air-tight electrede-chamber, having rarefied gas therein, a disk-shaped catliode-electrode to receive the rays projected from the sender and an anode mounted in proximity to said cathode and means for utilizing the sparks produced bctweeii the electrodes by the ultra-violet rays substantially as described.

2. In a system of wireless telegrapliy, the combination of a sender and means in connection therewith for intermittently projecting a pencil of rays of light of Shortwave length in the direction of the receiving apparatus, and a receiving apparatus having an air tight electrode chamber fr with front quartz plate p said chamber being filled with rarefied gas, a disk-shaped cathode c2 and a spherical anode c/ mounted therein in prox imity to each other and a variable resistance inserted in the primary circuitof the said electrodes and means for 'concentrating the rays received by the plate c2 substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

KARL ZICKLER..

Vitnesses.:

LUDWIG CzERivENY, ARTHUR SCHOEINBURG. 

